4 - Bromofluorobenzene is a significant chemical compound with a wide range of applications in the fields of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials science. As a reliable supplier of 4 - Bromofluorobenzene, I am delighted to delve into the structure of this compound, exploring its chemical makeup, physical properties, and the implications of its structure for various applications.
Chemical Structure
The molecular formula of 4 - Bromofluorobenzene is C₆H₄BrF. It belongs to the class of halogenated aromatic compounds, which are characterized by the presence of halogen atoms (in this case, bromine and fluorine) attached to a benzene ring. The benzene ring is a six - carbon aromatic ring with a planar, hexagonal structure, where each carbon atom is sp² hybridized. The carbon - carbon bonds in the benzene ring are a combination of single and double bonds that are delocalized over the entire ring, resulting in a stable and symmetric structure.
In 4 - Bromofluorobenzene, the bromine (Br) and fluorine (F) atoms are located at the para - positions (i.e., the 4 - positions) relative to each other on the benzene ring. This means that the bromine and fluorine atoms are separated by two carbon atoms on the benzene ring. The para - substitution pattern gives the molecule a certain degree of symmetry, which can influence its physical and chemical properties.
The carbon - bromine (C - Br) bond in 4 - Bromofluorobenzene is a polar covalent bond. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon, so the electron density in the C - Br bond is shifted towards the bromine atom, creating a partial negative charge on the bromine and a partial positive charge on the carbon. Similarly, the carbon - fluorine (C - F) bond is also a polar covalent bond, with fluorine being the most electronegative element and pulling the electron density towards itself. The presence of these polar bonds can affect the solubility, reactivity, and intermolecular forces of the compound.
Physical Properties
The structure of 4 - Bromofluorobenzene has a direct impact on its physical properties. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid at room temperature. The melting point of 4 - Bromofluorobenzene is around - 16 °C, and its boiling point is approximately 154 - 156 °C. These values are typical for halogenated aromatic compounds of similar molecular weight.
The polarity of the C - Br and C - F bonds in 4 - Bromofluorobenzene makes it slightly soluble in polar solvents such as ethanol and acetone. However, it is more soluble in non - polar solvents like benzene, toluene, and chloroform. This solubility behavior is consistent with the principle of "like dissolves like," where polar solvents dissolve polar substances and non - polar solvents dissolve non - polar substances.
The density of 4 - Bromofluorobenzene is about 1.61 g/cm³. The relatively high density is due to the presence of the heavy bromine atom in the molecule. The compound also has a characteristic odor, which is common for many halogenated aromatic compounds.
Chemical Reactivity
The structure of 4 - Bromofluorobenzene determines its chemical reactivity. The bromine atom in the molecule can undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions. For example, it can react with nucleophiles such as amines, alcohols, or thiols to form new compounds. The reaction mechanism typically involves the attack of the nucleophile on the carbon atom attached to the bromine, followed by the departure of the bromide ion.
The fluorine atom in 4 - Bromofluorobenzene is less reactive than the bromine atom in nucleophilic substitution reactions due to the strong C - F bond. However, under certain conditions, such as high temperatures and the presence of strong bases or catalysts, the fluorine atom can also participate in chemical reactions.
The aromatic nature of the benzene ring in 4 - Bromofluorobenzene allows it to undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Electrophiles can attack the benzene ring, replacing one of the hydrogen atoms. Common electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions include nitration, sulfonation, and Friedel - Crafts reactions.
Applications
The unique structure and properties of 4 - Bromofluorobenzene make it a valuable building block in the synthesis of various organic compounds. In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of drugs with antibacterial, antifungal, and anti - inflammatory properties. The presence of the bromine and fluorine atoms can enhance the biological activity and pharmacokinetic properties of the final drug molecules.
In the agrochemical industry, 4 - Bromofluorobenzene is used in the synthesis of pesticides and herbicides. The halogen atoms in the molecule can increase the stability and effectiveness of the agrochemical products.
In materials science, 4 - Bromofluorobenzene can be used as a monomer or a modifier in the synthesis of polymers and liquid crystals. The incorporation of the bromine and fluorine atoms can improve the thermal stability, mechanical properties, and optical properties of the materials.
Related Compounds and Their Applications
As a chemical supplier, we also offer related compounds such as Hexamethyldisiloxane Liquid, TMDS Chemical, and Hexamethyldisiloxane in Electronics. Hexamethyldisiloxane is a colorless, volatile liquid that is widely used as a solvent, a lubricant, and a surface - active agent in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and electronics industries. TMDS Chemical is an important reducing agent in organic synthesis, and it is also used in the production of silicon - based materials. Hexamethyldisiloxane in Electronics is specifically designed for use in the electronics industry, where it can be used as a dielectric material, a cleaning agent, and a component in semiconductor manufacturing.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the structure of 4 - Bromofluorobenzene, with its para - substituted bromine and fluorine atoms on a benzene ring, gives it unique physical and chemical properties that make it a versatile compound with a wide range of applications. As a reliable supplier of 4 - Bromofluorobenzene, we are committed to providing high - quality products to meet the diverse needs of our customers. If you are interested in purchasing 4 - Bromofluorobenzene or any of our related products, please feel free to contact us for further details and to start a procurement negotiation.
References
- Smith, J. G., & March, J. (2007). March's Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure. Wiley.
- Carey, F. A., & Sundberg, R. J. (2007). Advanced Organic Chemistry Part A: Structure and Mechanisms. Springer.
- Vogel, A. I. (1989). Vogel's Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry. Prentice Hall.